An abstract of title is a compilation of historic information
concerning a tract of land based on its legal description. An
abstract shows the entire chain of ownership from the time the
title to the property was first recognized by the government
to the present. This set of documents will also include any items
filed in the court clerk’s office that pertain to the land. Therefore,
the abstract can be used to establish “marketable title” to a piece
of property.
Before photocopies, an abstractor read each document pertaining
to a piece of property, made “takeoff” notes, and then summarized
them on a sheet of paper. This sheet of paper would list all the
pertinent information related to an item, such as a deed, by
including the grantor, grantee, date of the deed, filing date,
legal description, signature block, and notary information.
The abstractor’s page was then added to the book and called an
abstract, because the information from the original deed was
“abstracted.” The ability to sort through numerous pages of
information and abstract the important details was considered
an art form.
Today, abstracts include photocopies of pertinent documents.
When the abstract has been brought to date, an abstractor will
place a “certificate page” at the end of the abstract. This page
certifies that the abstract includes all pertinent documents filed
in land records, ad valorem tax payment status, personal property
tax payment status, and any other court items that fall within the
time period covered by the certificate – from the date the abstract
was last certified to present.
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